High cholesterol is a condition caused by having too much of a certain type of fat (lipid) known as cholesterol in your blood. High cholesterol can be a sign of an underlying health issue, such as heart disease, diabetes or thyroid disorders. It can also be caused by lifestyle factors, including an unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and smoking.
The most common type of cholesterol is known as low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. LDL cholesterol is sometimes referred to as ‘bad’ cholesterol, because if too much builds up in the bloodstream, it can contribute to hardening and narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis). This increases your risk of having a heart attack or stroke.
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is sometimes referred to as ‘good’ cholesterol, because it helps keep LDL cholesterol from building up in your arteries. It’s important to have an adequate level of HDL cholesterol, as it helps protect the cardiovascular system.
An unhealthy diet is one of the key lifestyle factors that can lead to high cholesterol levels. Foods high in saturated fats, trans fats, and added sugars can increase LDL cholesterol levels, while foods high in dietary fiber, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats can help lower LDL cholesterol levels.
Physical inactivity is another lifestyle factor that increases your risk of high cholesterol. Studies show that regular physical activity can help reduce LDL cholesterol and boost HDL cholesterol levels, ultimately helping protect your heart health.
Smoking is another lifestyle factor that increases your risk of high cholesterol. Smoking damages the walls of arteries, thus increasing your risk of developing atherosclerosis. It can also decrease HDL cholesterol levels, which help keep you heart healthy.
Lastly, certain medical conditions can also increase your risk of high cholesterol levels. Thyroid disorders, diabetes, and kidney disease can all lead to high cholesterol levels. Being overweight or obese can also increase your risk.
The good news is that high cholesterol can be managed and treated with lifestyle changes and medications. Eating a healthy diet, being physically active, quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, and reducing stress can all help to manage cholesterol levels. If lifestyle changes alone are not enough, medications may be recommended by your doctor.
By understanding the causes of high cholesterol and making positive changes to your lifestyle, you can help keep your heart healthy and lower your risk of cardiovascular disease.
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