If the Sun is in motion with it all the planets on a solar system moving on a galactic plane around the Galaxy, how are we able to view the same constellations from one century to the other?
A) All the stars you can see as individual stars—all of them—lie in this tiny bubble in one corner of the Milky Way. Beyond that, the unaided human eye can only see the diffused glow of vast interstellar dust clouds in our galaxy and a few of the closest galaxies.
So all the constellations are orbiting the galactic center along with us.
B) It takes the sun between 225 and 250 million years to complete one orbit of the galactic center, so in the time you have in mind, you wouldn’t perceive any change even if you could see much further.
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